内核级HOOK的几种实现与应用2

admin · 发表于 2009-12-12 23:06:58

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3、 HOOK PE 方法
这种方法对于拦截、分析其他内核驱动的函数调用来说用的比较多。原理
是根据替换 PE 格式导出表中的相应函数来实现的。此方法中需要用到一些小
技巧。如内核模式并没有直接提供类似应用层的 GetModuleHandl()、GetProcAddress() 等函数来获得模块的地址。那么我们就需要自己来编写，这
里用到了一个未公开的函数与结构。ZwQuerySystemInformation 与 SYSTEM_MODULE_INFORMATION 来实现得到模块的基地址。这样我们就可以根据
PE 格式来枚举导出表中的函数来替换了。但这又引出了一个问题，那就是从
WINDOWS 2000 后内核数据的页属性都是只读的，不能更改。内核模式也没有
提供类似应用层的 VirtualProtectEx() 等函数来修改页面属性。那么也需要
我们自己来编写。因为我们是在内核模式所以我们可以通过修改 cr0 寄存器的
的写保护位来达到我们的目的。这样我们所期望的拦截内核模式函数的功能便
得以实现。此方法需要你对 PE 格式有一定的基础。下面的程序演示了这一过程。

/*****************************************************************
文件名 : WssHookPE.c
描述 : 拦截内核函数
作者 : sinister
最后修改日期 : 2002-11-02
*****************************************************************/
#include "ntddk.h"
#include "windef.h"
typedef enum _SYSTEM_INFORMATION_CLASS {
SystemBasicInformation,
SystemProcessorInformation,
SystemPerformanceInformation,
SystemTimeOfDayInformation,
SystemNotImplemented1,
SystemProcessesAndThreadsInformation,
SystemCallCounts,
SystemConfigurationInformation,
SystemProcessorTimes,
SystemGlobalFlag,
SystemNotImplemented2,
SystemModuleInformation,
SystemLockInformation,
SystemNotImplemented3,
SystemNotImplemented4,
SystemNotImplemented5,
SystemHandleInformation,
SystemObjectInformation,
SystemPagefileInformation,
SystemInstructionEmulationCounts,
SystemInvalidInfoClass1,
SystemCacheInformation,
SystemPoolTagInformation,
SystemProcessorStatistics,
SystemDpcInformation,
SystemNotImplemented6,
SystemLoadImage,
SystemUnloadImage,
SystemTimeAdjustment,
SystemNotImplemented7,
SystemNotImplemented8,
SystemNotImplemented9,
SystemCrashDumpInformation,
SystemExceptionInformation,
SystemCrashDumpStateInformation,
SystemKernelDebuggerInformation,
SystemContextSwitchInformation,
SystemRegistryQuotaInformation,
SystemLoadAndCallImage,
SystemPrioritySeparation,
SystemNotImplemented10,
SystemNotImplemented11,
SystemInvalidInfoClass2,
SystemInvalidInfoClass3,
SystemTimeZoneInformation,
SystemLookasideInformation,
SystemSetTimeSlipEvent,
SystemCreateSession,
SystemDeleteSession,
SystemInvalidInfoClass4,
SystemRangeStartInformation,
SystemVerifierInformation,
SystemAddVerifier,
SystemSessionProcessesInformation
} SYSTEM_INFORMATION_CLASS;
typedef struct tagSYSTEM_MODULE_INFORMATION {
ULONG Reserved[2];
PVOID Base;
ULONG Size;
ULONG Flags;
USHORT Index;
USHORT Unknown;
USHORT LoadCount;
USHORT ModuleNameOffset;
CHAR ImageName[256];
} SYSTEM_MODULE_INFORMATION, *PSYSTEM_MODULE_INFORMATION;
#define IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE 0x5A4D // MZ
#define IMAGE_NT_SIGNATURE 0x50450000 // PE00
#define IMAGE_NT_SIGNATURE1 0x00004550 // 00EP
typedef struct _IMAGE_DOS_HEADER { // DOS .EXE header
WORD e_magic; // Magic number
WORD e_cblp; // Bytes on last page of file
WORD e_cp; // Pages in file
WORD e_crlc; // Relocations
WORD e_cparhdr; // Size of header in paragraphs
WORD e_minalloc; // Minimum extra paragraphs needed
WORD e_maxalloc; // Maximum extra paragraphs needed
WORD e_ss; // Initial (relative) SS value
WORD e_sp; // Initial SP value
WORD e_csum; // Checksum
WORD e_ip; // Initial IP value
WORD e_cs; // Initial (relative) CS value
WORD e_lfarlc; // File address of relocation table
WORD e_ovno; // Overlay number
WORD e_res[4]; // Reserved words
WORD e_oemid; // OEM identifier (for e_oeminfo)
WORD e_oeminfo; // OEM information; e_oemid specific
WORD e_res2[10]; // Reserved words
LONG e_lfanew; // File address of new exe header
} IMAGE_DOS_HEADER, *PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER;
typedef struct _IMAGE_FILE_HEADER {
WORD Machine;
WORD NumberOfSections;
DWORD TimeDateStamp;
DWORD PointerToSymbolTable;
DWORD NumberOfSymbols;
WORD SizeOfOptionalHeader;
WORD Characteristics;
} IMAGE_FILE_HEADER, *PIMAGE_FILE_HEADER;
typedef struct _IMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY {
DWORD VirtualAddress;
DWORD Size;
} IMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY, *PIMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY;
#define IMAGE_NUMBEROF_DIRECTORY_ENTRIES 16
//
// Optional header format.
//
typedef struct _IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER {
//
// Standard fields.
//
WORD Magic;
BYTE MajorLinkerVersion;
BYTE MinorLinkerVersion;
DWORD SizeOfCode;
DWORD SizeOfInitializedData;
DWORD SizeOfUninitializedData;
DWORD AddressOfEntryPoint;
DWORD BaseOfCode;
DWORD BaseOfData;
//
// NT additional fields.
//
DWORD ImageBase;
DWORD SectionAlignment;
DWORD FileAlignment;
WORD MajorOperatingSystemVersion;
WORD MinorOperatingSystemVersion;
WORD MajorImageVersion;
WORD MinorImageVersion;
WORD MajorSubsystemVersion;
WORD MinorSubsystemVersion;
DWORD Win32VersionValue;
DWORD SizeOfImage;
DWORD SizeOfHeaders;
DWORD CheckSum;
WORD Subsystem;
WORD DllCharacteristics;
DWORD SizeOfStackReserve;
DWORD SizeOfStackCommit;
DWORD SizeOfHeapReserve;
DWORD SizeOfHeapCommit;
DWORD LoaderFlags;
DWORD NumberOfRvaAndSizes;
IMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY DataDirectory[IMAGE_NUMBEROF_DIRECTORY_ENTRIES];
} IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER32, *PIMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER32;
typedef struct _IMAGE_NT_HEADERS {
DWORD Signature;
IMAGE_FILE_HEADER FileHeader;
IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER32 OptionalHeader;
} IMAGE_NT_HEADERS32, *PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS32;
typedef IMAGE_NT_HEADERS32 IMAGE_NT_HEADERS;
typedef PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS32 PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS;
//
// Section header format.
//
#define IMAGE_SIZEOF_SHORT_NAME 8
typedef struct _IMAGE_SECTION_HEADER {
BYTE Name[IMAGE_SIZEOF_SHORT_NAME];
union {
DWORD PhysicalAddress;
DWORD VirtualSize;
} Misc;
DWORD VirtualAddress;
DWORD SizeOfRawData;
DWORD PointerToRawData;
DWORD PointerToRelocations;
DWORD PointerToLinenumbers;
WORD NumberOfRelocations;
WORD NumberOfLinenumbers;
DWORD Characteristics;
} IMAGE_SECTION_HEADER, *PIMAGE_SECTION_HEADER;
#define IMAGE_SIZEOF_SECTION_HEADER 40
//
// Export Format
//
typedef struct _IMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY {
DWORD Characteristics;
DWORD TimeDateStamp;
WORD MajorVersion;
WORD MinorVersion;
DWORD Name;
DWORD Base;
DWORD NumberOfFunctions;
DWORD NumberOfNames;
DWORD AddressOfFunctions; // RVA from base of image
DWORD AddressOfNames; // RVA from base of image
DWORD AddressOfNameOrdinals; // RVA from base of image
} IMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY, *PIMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY;
#define BASEADDRLEN 10
NTSYSAPI
NTSTATUS
NTAPI
ZwQuerySystemInformation(
IN SYSTEM_INFORMATION_CLASS SystemInformationClass,
IN OUT PVOID SystemInformation,
IN ULONG SystemInformationLength,
OUT PULONG ReturnLength OPTIONAL
);
typedef NTSTATUS (* ZWCREATEFILE)(
OUT PHANDLE FileHandle,
IN ACCESS_MASK DesiredAccess,
IN POBJECT_ATTRIBUTES ObjectAttributes,
OUT PIO_STATUS_BLOCK IoStatusBlock,
IN PLARGE_INTEGER AllocationSize OPTIONAL,
IN ULONG FileAttributes,
IN ULONG ShareAccess,
IN ULONG CreateDisposition,
IN ULONG CreateOptions,
IN PVOID EaBuffer OPTIONAL,
IN ULONG EaLength
);
ZWCREATEFILE OldZwCreateFile;
static NTSTATUS MydrvDispatch (IN PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject, IN PIRP Irp);
VOID DriverUnload (IN PDRIVER_OBJECT pDriverObject);
VOID DisableWriteProtect( PULONG pOldAttr);
VOID EnableWriteProtect( ULONG ulOldAttr );
FARPROC HookFunction( PCHAR pModuleBase, PCHAR pHookName, FARPROC pHookFunc );
NTSTATUS
HookNtCreateFile(
OUT PHANDLE FileHandle,
IN ACCESS_MASK DesiredAccess,
IN POBJECT_ATTRIBUTES ObjectAttributes,
OUT PIO_STATUS_BLOCK IoStatusBlock,
IN PLARGE_INTEGER AllocationSize OPTIONAL,
IN ULONG FileAttributes,
IN ULONG ShareAccess,
IN ULONG CreateDisposition,
IN ULONG CreateOptions,
IN PVOID EaBuffer OPTIONAL,
IN ULONG EaLength
);
PCHAR MyGetModuleBaseAddress( PCHAR pModuleName )
{
PSYSTEM_MODULE_INFORMATION pSysModule;
ULONG uReturn;
ULONG uCount;
PCHAR pBuffer = NULL;
PCHAR pName = NULL;
NTSTATUS status;
UINT ui;
CHAR szBuffer[BASEADDRLEN];
PCHAR pBaseAddress;
status = ZwQuerySystemInformation( SystemModuleInformation, szBuffer, BASEADDRLEN, &uReturn );
pBuffer = ( PCHAR )ExAllocatePool( NonPagedPool, uReturn );
if ( pBuffer )
{
status = ZwQuerySystemInformation( SystemModuleInformation, pBuffer, uReturn, &uReturn );
if( status == STATUS_SUCCESS )
{
uCount = ( ULONG )*( ( ULONG * )pBuffer );
pSysModule = ( PSYSTEM_MODULE_INFORMATION )( pBuffer + sizeof( ULONG ) );
for ( ui = 0; ui < uCount; ui++ )
{
pName = MyStrchr( pSysModule->ImageName, '\\' );
if ( !pName )
{
pName = pSysModule->ImageName;
}
else {
pName++;
}
if( !_stricmp( pName, pModuleName ) )
{
pBaseAddress = ( PCHAR )pSysModule->Base;
ExFreePool( pBuffer );
return pBaseAddress;
}
pSysModule ++;
}
}
ExFreePool( pBuffer );
}
return NULL;
}
FARPROC HookFunction( PCHAR pModuleBase, PCHAR HookFunName, FARPROC HookFun )
{
PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER pDosHdr;
PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS pNtHdr;
PIMAGE_SECTION_HEADER pSecHdr;
PIMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY pExtDir;
UINT ui,uj;
PCHAR FunName;
DWORD *dwAddrName;
DWORD *dwAddrFun;
FARPROC pOldFun;
ULONG uAttrib;
pDosHdr = ( PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER )pModuleBase;
if ( IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE == pDosHdr->e_magic )
{
pNtHdr = ( PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS )( pModuleBase + pDosHdr->e_lfanew );
if( IMAGE_NT_SIGNATURE == pNtHdr->Signature || IMAGE_NT_SIGNATURE1 == pNtHdr->Signature )
{
pSecHdr = ( PIMAGE_SECTION_HEADER )( pModuleBase + pDosHdr->e_lfanew + sizeof( IMAGE_NT_HEADERS ) );
for ( ui = 0; ui < (UINT)pNtHdr->FileHeader.NumberOfSections; ui++ )
{
if ( !strcmp( pSecHdr->Name, ".edata" ) )
{
pExtDir = ( PIMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY )( pModuleBase + pSecHdr->VirtualAddress );
dwAddrName = ( PDWORD )(pModuleBase + pExtDir->AddressOfNames );
dwAddrFun = ( PDWORD )(pModuleBase + pExtDir->AddressOfFunctions );
for ( uj = 0; uj < (UINT)pExtDir->NumberOfFunctions; uj++ )
{
FunName = pModuleBase + *dwAddrName;
if( !strcmp( FunName, HookFunName ) )
{
DbgPrint(" HOOK %s()\n",FunName);
DisableWriteProtect( &uAttrib );
pOldFun = ( FARPROC )( pModuleBase + *dwAddrFun );
*dwAddrFun = ( PCHAR )HookFun - pModuleBase;
EnableWriteProtect( uAttrib );
return pOldFun;
}
dwAddrName ++;
dwAddrFun ++;
}
}
pSecHdr++;
}
}
}
return NULL;
}
// 驱动入口
NTSTATUS DriverEntry( IN PDRIVER_OBJECT DriverObject, IN PUNICODE_STRING RegistryPath )
{
UNICODE_STRING nameString, linkString;
PDEVICE_OBJECT deviceObject;
NTSTATUS status;
HANDLE hHandle;
PCHAR pModuleAddress;
int i;
//卸载驱动
DriverObject->DriverUnload = DriverUnload;
//建立设备
RtlInitUnicodeString( &nameString, L"\\Device\\WssHookPE" );
status = IoCreateDevice( DriverObject,
0,
&nameString,
FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN,
0,
TRUE,
&deviceObject
);
if (!NT_SUCCESS( status ))
return status;
RtlInitUnicodeString( &linkString, L"\\DosDevices\\WssHookPE" );
status = IoCreateSymbolicLink (&linkString, &nameString);
if (!NT_SUCCESS( status ))
{
IoDeleteDevice (DriverObject->DeviceObject);
return status;
}
pModuleAddress = MyGetModuleBaseAddress("ntoskrnl.exe");
if ( pModuleAddress == NULL)
{
DbgPrint(" MyGetModuleBaseAddress()\n");
return 0;
}
OldZwCreateFile = (ZWCREATEFILE)HookFunction( pModuleAddress, "ZwCreateFile",(ZWCREATEFILE)HookNtCreateFile);
if ( OldZwCreateFile == NULL)
{
DbgPrint(" HOOK FAILED\n");
return 0;
}
DbgPrint("HOOK SUCCEED\n");
for ( i = 0; i < IRP_MJ_MAXIMUM_FUNCTION; i++) {
DriverObject->MajorFunction[i] = MydrvDispatch;
}
DriverObject->DriverUnload = DriverUnload;
return STATUS_SUCCESS;
}
//处理设备对象操作
static NTSTATUS MydrvDispatch (IN PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject, IN PIRP Irp)
{
Irp->IoStatus.Status = STATUS_SUCCESS;
Irp->IoStatus.Information = 0L;
IoCompleteRequest( Irp, 0 );
return Irp->IoStatus.Status;
}
VOID DriverUnload (IN PDRIVER_OBJECT pDriverObject)
{
UNICODE_STRING nameString;
PCHAR pModuleAddress;
pModuleAddress = MyGetModuleBaseAddress("ntoskrnl.exe");
if ( pModuleAddress == NULL)
{
DbgPrint("MyGetModuleBaseAddress()\n");
return ;
}
OldZwCreateFile = (ZWCREATEFILE)HookFunction( pModuleAddress, "ZwCreateFile",(ZWCREATEFILE)OldZwCreateFile);
if ( OldZwCreateFile == NULL)
{
DbgPrint(" UNHOOK FAILED!\n");
return ;
}
DbgPrint("UNHOOK SUCCEED\n");
RtlInitUnicodeString( &nameString, L"\\DosDevices\\WssHookPE" );
IoDeleteSymbolicLink(&nameString);
IoDeleteDevice(pDriverObject->DeviceObject);
return;
}
NTSTATUS
HookNtCreateFile(
OUT PHANDLE FileHandle,
IN ACCESS_MASK DesiredAccess,
IN POBJECT_ATTRIBUTES ObjectAttributes,
OUT PIO_STATUS_BLOCK IoStatusBlock,
IN PLARGE_INTEGER AllocationSize OPTIONAL,
IN ULONG FileAttributes,
IN ULONG ShareAccess,
IN ULONG CreateDisposition,
IN ULONG CreateOptions,
IN PVOID EaBuffer OPTIONAL,
IN ULONG EaLength
)
{
NTSTATUS status;
DbgPrint("Hook ZwCreateFile()\n");
status = ((ZWCREATEFILE)(OldZwCreateFile))(
FileHandle,
DesiredAccess,
ObjectAttributes,
IoStatusBlock,
AllocationSize,
FileAttributes,
ShareAccess,
CreateDisposition,
CreateOptions,
EaBuffer,
EaLength
);
return status;
}
VOID DisableWriteProtect( PULONG pOldAttr)
{
ULONG uAttr;
_asm
{
push eax;
mov eax, cr0;
mov uAttr, eax;
and eax, 0FFFEFFFFh; // CR0 16 BIT = 0
mov cr0, eax;
pop eax;
};
*pOldAttr = uAttr; //保存原有的 CRO 属性
}
VOID EnableWriteProtect( ULONG uOldAttr )
{
_asm
{
push eax;
mov eax, uOldAttr; //恢复原有 CR0 属性
mov cr0, eax;
pop eax;
};
}

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